精油入门全科普 | 根本就没有可以整容的精油
https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/60d30ee67af648eea60857c39fb12872~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=7%2FK%2BrVPh1IJXgxaoyHS%2BnxfCF3A%3D姐妹们我来啦！这里是勤勤恳恳的美丽姬。
平时酷爱观察女明星在用啥护肤产品的我，发现最近她们都对一种单品上了头，那就是：有精油添加的产品。
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比如张静初极力打call的香薰精油
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徐璐倾力推荐的含精油成份的粉底液
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还有黑美人吉克隽逸爱用的护发精油
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既能护发护肤，还能净化空气调节情绪，这么一看精油的妙用还真是多多。而到了微商手里，精油更是被玩出了各种新花样。不开刀、不住院，秒变双眼皮不是梦
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无假体、无植入，高挺鼻子一抹就有
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还能丰脸、丰额头、丰太阳穴...
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而这种哪里不好整哪里的神级精油，售价居然都只要不到50元
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这我不禁产生了一个疑问，精油到底是啥神仙液体？真的有这么便宜万能又好使吗？
本文不含任何广告！
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关于精油，专业芳疗机构肯园写的芳疗书中，是这么定义的「借由人为萃取方式所得到的植物精质。精质，是植物的分泌细胞经光合作用后，借由各种酵素转化而来的多样化芳香分子。」
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按我的理解，其实简单来讲，精油就是植物本身含有的一种多样化芳香分子。这里有几个相关概念需要区分一下。
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单方精油萃取自植物的各个部分，可以是花瓣、根茎，也可以是树皮。精油制作价格昂贵，且能最大程度保留植物自身的香气。单方精油的浓度高，未经稀释，不能与皮肤直接接触
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而基础油的原料大都来自于植物种子，虽然也可以被叫做植物油，但是跟食用植物油是不一样的
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复方精油即两种及以上的单方精油和基础油调配在一起的精油，从而达到1+1>2的疗效。复方精油被基础油稀释过了，因此可以直接接触皮肤
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还有以前很红的纯露，其实是芳香植物蒸馏所得的冷凝水溶液，简单来说就是溶于水的少量精油+蒸馏水
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纯露是为数不多敢号称零添加的护肤品，因为精油浓度不高，所以它很容易被皮肤吸收
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纯露香气不像精油那么浓烈，比如玫瑰花水不仅能闻到浓郁的玫瑰味，还有花瓣碾压之后散发的微涩味，气味清雅天然，很适合用来当护肤水和喷雾
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虽然这几个概念容易混淆，但其实只要看到实物就好区分了。单方精油气味浓烈，流动性强，挥发快；基础油无色无味，流动性弱，挥发慢，两种油调在一起可以锁住单方精油的芳香分子，而纯露就是进阶版的蒸馏水
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其中，单方精油的价格最贵，纯露价格最便宜。精油产品之间价格差异取决于产品里的精油含量，而同种精油之间的价格差异取决于精油的生产方式。
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精油是制作香水的原料之一，只不过香水中的精油含量很少。精油在香水中的主要作用是产生香味，是香水的灵魂所在
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推动电影<香水>情节发展的脂吸法是最古老的萃取精油方式，主要是利用动物油脂吸收花瓣香味，再用机器搅拌、酒精蒸发，提炼出精油
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不过这种方式耗时耗力，除了法国格拉斯市外，现在的商家几乎都不采用此古法。但<香水>中提到的另一种蒸馏法因其经济效益高成为了现在萃取精油的主流方法之一
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蒸馏法有5种，其中，循环水蒸馏法不仅可以萃取精油，还可以获得另一种经济价值较高的副产品——纯露
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除了蒸馏法，压榨法也常用在生产柑橘类精油上，操作步骤是挤压果皮收集汁液，并用离心机将精油和果汁分离，也是能产出两种产品的实惠方式
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溶剂萃取法（就是炼金术士常用的那种）可以萃取到比较完整的成分，比简单的蒸馏法更完备一嗲
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还有一些不太普及的方法如超临界二氧化碳萃取由于设备太贵没有被大规模商业使用，但是设备和萃取方式直接决定了精油品质的好坏。也正是因为商家使用的萃取方式不同，所以同一种精油价格存在较大的差距。
抛开三无精油不说，那么真正的纯精油有什么用？
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芳香疗法在中国算小众，低知名度不仅让大众对精油的认知魔化到玄学境界，高学费也让想从事这个行业的人望而却步。国际芳疗机构IFPA官网所示芳疗学校的报价不低，三节电子课程需要2000人民币，更别提系统学习芳疗有多贵了
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好在中外研究精油的论文不少，文献里cue到精油时使用频率最高的词条是「镇静」、「安神」，学者检测志愿者吸嗅精油后的脑电波，发现精油明显改善了青年人的睡眠质量
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前面提到的专业芳疗机构肯园，就曾把每种精油的功效都列举出来了
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精油功效不尽相同，橄榄科植物萃取的精油有特殊的酸类成分，比较亲肤，可以抗皱活肤、愈合伤口
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桃金娘科植物萃取的精油可以调理脾胃失调等阴阳失调的内脏问题
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柑橘类精油可以解决精神焦躁等问题，因其去油性好，适合油皮痘肌使用
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科学论证听起来复杂难懂，大多数人关心的只有一个问题：「精油到底有用吗？」
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这里我拿我自己的亲身经历出来做例子，因为小时候服用激素药快速增肥，留下了不少肥胖纹，长在腿上很影响美观
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据<精油完全使用手册>所述，桔精油有抗妊娠纹的功效
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肥胖纹和妊娠纹形成原因一样，都是由于皮肤生长速度跟不上脂肪团增长速度导致皮肤纤维组织断裂，一旦形成，没有方法可以将它完全去除
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如果桔精油声称可以抗妊娠纹，我猜它可能在淡化方面有点作用。单方精油浓度太高，不能直接与人体皮肤直接接触，需按配方调配并加入基础油稀释，最终调成浓度为2%的身体油
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身体油肤感比较厚重，柑橘清香让人置身深秋果园，很阳光的味道。每天擦涂一次，充分吸收按摩，按摩之后皮肤有些微微发热
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在连续使用一个月之后，肥胖纹并无明显变化⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b170c0ad53a842fa943d4067efdc3554~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=fobbcts7ixvkpbk%2BWNQIp8OnrwA%3D
按书中所述，同一种复方精油的使用时间最多不能超过六个月。否则会产生抗体，重则对内脏产生影响⬇️
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所以我认为在短时间之内，精油对人体疤痕的修复作用不大。再者，妊娠纹或肥胖纹这种不能消弭的纹路需要提前预防，事后补救的效用微乎其微。鉴于精油的使用感良好，我比较推荐当作预防身体油使用⬇️
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精油对于刚接触芳疗的人来说，治愈效果不如预防效果明显⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d5a43c6402544ffe8ba3da3ab1b85d71~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=OjgPis9qow8si67TDIywaw1VI3s%3D
比如尤加利精油有预防感冒之效，如果有鼻塞等感冒前症状可以用热水稀释精油后以帕子敷鼻子，真的有通鼻、让整个人神清气爽的奇效⬇️
https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/4aff370d661744b8a816d8347642c82f~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=P2TwUCzNgxk%2BDr2Pm61umFWo94U%3D
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但尤加利本身的气味有点冲，大多数人都难以接受，所以在稀释过程中要把握好精油剂量，我第一次将尤加利添加在加湿器中时，因为房间精油味道过重，甚至产生了头昏脑胀的感觉
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/fd7edf37b4734161a3d34d7981c9c00f~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=cUao65dHJGZAeMuSqh80YJtP7IE%3D
总之纯精油并没有人们想象中的那么安全，在澳大利亚和英国，精油放在药店里出售的⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/0275c9719a5d4315911a08a605577741~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865625&x-signature=fEvdv%2FJK5HSDJm3Mwi42rjeBH7w%3D
单方精油不可以高剂量长期使用，否则会造成身体不适，轻则打喷嚏咳嗽等，重则会引起四肢末梢神经发麻、手脚不自觉抖动。如果误食，可能还会闹出人命
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不过对于想亲自上阵玩精油的小可爱们来说，有几款精油还是比较安全哒，值得推荐。
（仍需做手臂过敏测试！！）⚠️
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不管是哪种方式，单方精油都需要稀释之后才能使用⬇️
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有了心仪的精油种类先不要急着下单，市面上售卖的精油质量良莠不齐，注意好以下几点才能降低踩雷的几率哦。
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/2649c7d61e1b4b6a883bce6f3ce9cbda~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=kf2OkiClp4CglaKcSAjOtXNjZAc%3D
包装上虽然都是写的精油，但如果在产品里添加了0.0000001%的精油，商家也能把精油作为产品卖点写在包装上。这个时候，识别英文说明反而比看吹的天花乱坠的中文说明靠谱。
pure essential oil / essential oil 原汁原液100%无添加的单方精油，不能未经稀释使用⚠️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/a435371cc59c4affb72f43630fb50151~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=TZh6047Z2VtV6HGPM27TKGpCsUg%3D
aroma massage oil 添加了大量基础油的按摩油，一般用来美容、美体
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/97c9d5cd10104afa836da554dbe752c5~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=HLh4LwNdKRCuZq5qyaVkyGHLgYM%3D
fragrant oil精油含量极少的香精，只有香味，没有任何疗效
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b2757eb738f84f08b470dcc78aeb04eb~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=ADhPT9KH2zdT1RWUYcFiBmdbUyM%3D
除此之外，包装上还必须写清楚该植物精油完整的拉丁文学名，纯度跟使用期限也必不可少，一款正宗的单方精油包装应该是这样的⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/f68ae45d2d4c423797c20bfd03da5682~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=o%2B3xBTZiFnG4wCYoiGcUX5KBlpw%3D
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单方精油易挥发，所以需要封闭性良好的容器，但是同时更要注意精油需要避光，瓶身需为深色，其次精油会跟塑料发生反应，凡是塑料包装或橡胶滴管包装的都不是100%浓度的纯精油⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/6fd939fa12354b40809152350483e84b~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=QZAwfqrgEDbJDMEn%2FAWQJKGj0Og%3D
比较理想的包装是深色玻璃瓶上还要罩一个铝制外壳，保证温度稳定，就像这种⬇️
https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/42a2dde1b116427485163a6c22471eb6~tplv-tt-large-asy1:5aS05p2hQOa3seWknOW-kOiAgeW4iA==.image?x-expires=2007865626&x-signature=PuroAS5vuKVpZg7tWyqEDeoPQEc%3D
虽然很多商家都有调配好了的精油售卖，但我还是觉得买单方精油比较划算，只要掌握好搭配技巧、调配方式就能调出在各个场合都适用的精油，这样算下来单方精油的性价比就很高了。
百闻不如一练，小可爱们赶紧去买一款上手试试吧～
互动：你买过哪些精油好物？
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